What fees are usually charged by fund managers?

• A. No fees
• B. Entry fees
• C. Only annual management fees
• D. Entry fees, exit charges, annual management fees

Answer: (D)

Fund management charges usually come from three main sources: front-end (entry) charges, back-end (exit) charges, and the ongoing annual management fee. The front-end fee is taken when you buy into the fund and helps cover distribution and initial selling costs, meaning only part of your investment goes straight into the fund. The back-end fee applies if you redeem within a set period and is designed to recoup costs associated with selling assets or to discourage very short-term trading. The annual management fee is charged each year as a percentage of the fund’s assets and covers the ongoing work of running the fund, including management and administration. While not every fund uses all three, many funds disclose these charges because together they reflect the main ways managers generate revenue and cover operating costs. Performance fees may also exist in some funds but aren’t part of this question’s options.